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Jake Gyllenhaal
Jacob Benjamin "Jake" Gyllenhaal ( ; born December 19, 1980) is an American actor. The son of director Stephen Gyllenhaal and screenwriter Naomi Foner, Gyllenhaal began acting at the age of ten. Following his first lead role in ''October Sky'' (1999), he starred in the indie cult hit ''Donnie Darko'' (2001), in which he played a psychologically troubled teenager alongside his older sister, Maggie Gyllenhaal. In 2002, he starred in another indie film, ''The Good Girl''. In 2004, he appeared in the climate fiction-disaster film ''The Day After Tomorrow'', portraying a student caught in a cataclysmic climate event.
Gyllenhaal played a frustrated Marine in ''Jarhead'' (2005), and the same year, his role as Jack Twist in ''Brokeback Mountain'' earned him critical acclaim. For his ''Brokeback Mountain'' performance, he won the BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor and was nominated for the Academy Award in the same category. He has since played lead roles in many films, including ''Zodiac'' (2007), ''Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time'' (2010), ''Love & Other Drugs'' (2010), ''Source Code'' (2011), ''End of Watch'' (2012), ''Prisoners'' (2013), ''Nightcrawler'' (2014), and ''Southpaw'' (2015).
== Early life ==
Gyllenhaal was born in Los Angeles, California, the son of film producer and screenwriter Naomi Foner (née Achs) and film director Stephen Gyllenhaal.〔 Actress Maggie Gyllenhaal, his older sister, appeared with him in the film ''Donnie Darko''. Gyllenhaal's father, who was raised as a Swedenborgian, is of Swedish and English descent, and is a descendant of the Swedish noble Gyllenhaal family.〔Stated on ''Finding Your Roots with Henry Louis Gates, Jr.'', PBS, April 22, 2012〕 Jake's last native Swedish ancestor was his great-great-grandfather, Anders Leonard Gyllenhaal.〔Bloom, Nate (June 11, 2004) (Rootsweb.com ). Retrieved September 19, 2006.〕 Jake's mother was born in New York City, and is from a Jewish family (they emigrated from Russia and Poland). Gyllenhaal has said that he considers himself Jewish.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Jews in the News:Sarah Michelle Gellar, Julianne Margulies and Jake Gyllenh - Tampa Jewish Community Center & Federation )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Jake Gyllenhall Interview - Prince of Persia )〕 On his thirteenth birthday, Gyllenhaal performed a "bar mitzvah-like act, without the typical trappings", volunteering at a homeless shelter because his parents wanted to give him a sense of gratitude for his privileged lifestyle.〔Contact Music (November 6, 2005), ("Gyllenhaal's Homeless Shelter Bar-Mitzvah" ). Retrieved September 19, 2006.〕 His parents insisted that he have summer jobs to support himself, and he thus worked as a lifeguard and as a busboy at a restaurant operated by a family friend.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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